Manual defibrillators found only in hospitals or ambulances, and there are those we are accustomed to seeing in films and portable defibrillator television programs, which loaded and fired the charge of a trained person, nurse or doctor via the so-called paddles. Paddles placed over the patient's heart in the chest and the voltage can be set manually for the desired effect.
Semi-automatic defibrillators are now on the other hand, more and more places in the community, they provide spoken instructions and can be used by the majority regardless of previous knowledge. Typically, the housing portable defibrillator of the defibrillator are pictograms that guides and helps to ensure that everyone can use it. When it started since the defibrillator gives spoken instructions and exhortations that helps to properly perform defibrillation. You then connect the electrodes to the chest suffered as shown on the defibrillator and those passing through an electric shock through the heart to try to get it beating normally again.
There are a number of security portable defibrillator software in the defibrillator that does not allow the electric shock is given if the patient is unconscious and has suffered a cardiac arrest. Only if the defibrillator detects a ventricular fibrillation or ventrikeltachykardi is delivering on an electric shock. The time to first defibrillation is crucial for the survival chance for cardiac arrest, according to the Swedish Council for CPR decreases survival chances by 10% for each idle minute. Ideally, defibrillation within three minutes. Semi-automatic defibrillators should not be used on children under one year and preferably portable defibrillator with reduction device for children between one and eight years of age. For children, there are specific defibrillators or electrode plates when working with less voltage then tailored to a child's body mass.
Manual defibrillators
DC shock delivered from a capacitor in the external defibrillator and this must be recharged just before the DC shock should be given. The external power conversion capacitor can be charged as high as 7500 volts. The amount of portable defibrillator energy that emit specify in Joules (J, 1 J = 1 WAS (watt seconds)), and this energy release in approx. 5 ms. In the shock arises only capacitor in the defibrillator that is connected to the electrodes and the patient so that the damage to the electronics of the defibrillator avoided.
Defibrillator is used always by portable defibrillator ventricular fibrillation. It is very important to give DC shock as quickly as possible with witnessed cardiac arrest due to ventricular fibrillation, because the previous one does the better the chance to convert the arrhythmia. Recent research shows that the circulatory failure that has lasted for more than five minutes, it would be beneficial to engage in cardiovascular resuscitation (CPR) for a period first. In the recent past has biphasic defibrilatorer become more common. This means that the machine shall submit two shocks, one in each direction between the electrodes, to ensure a complete discharge of the heart.
Semi-automatic defibrillators
Semi-automatic defibrillators (Eng: Automatic External Defibrillator (AED)) are modern machines that are programmed to detect the two common forms of shock only arrhythmia, ventricular fibrillation and ventrikkeltachychardi. The portable defibrillator operators of these machines need not be health professionals, and delegation issued by the administrator physician on the basis of approved courses with NRR-approved instructor. The operator need only turn on the defibrillator, attach electrodes correct the patient's chest so the machine will analyze the heart rhythm and give instructions about what to do. If the machine is recommended shock will charge kapasitatoren and voice and light signals tell the operator portable defibrillator that the machine is ready to give shocks. The operator must press the button to submit a shock, this in order to prevent others in contact with the patient when the shock emitted, and to prevent errors indicated shock. They typically emit 180 Joule, and can seldom be charged to more than 2300 volts.
Such systems are increasingly deployed in hotels, shopping centers, transport hubs and the like, and personnel work at the appropriate places taught the use of these. The hope is that this long term, to reduce sudden death from cardiac arrest.
Fully automatic defibrillators
Fully automatic defibrillators both analyze, portable defibrillator charge and capture shocks without any user interaction than the operator must connect the electrodes and turn on the appliance. There are limitations no clinical studies that indicate that such defibrillators are neither more nor less effective than the semi-automatic. However, there is consensus (Guidelines 2005) that such machines should not be used outside of portable defibrillator health care until further studies, and authoritative opinions about the safety of those present. There is the potential that such defibrillators can ensure faster delivery of the first shock, but you lose the user control you have with the semi-automatic.
Internal defibrillator (ICD)
For patients with heart disease or Congenital heart defects may be a solution to be operated in a fully automatic defibrillator. More and more portable defibrillator Norwegians are implanted defibrillator. Defibrillator can send indispensable electric shock when the heart stops and is a very effective way to prevent sudden death.
Defibrillator box, which is longer and thinner than a matchbox, attached to the heart via an electrode in blood vessel. Patients receive local anesthesia during the operation, sometimes a general anesthetic. The procedure takes portable defibrillator an hour, and the patient can usually discharged the next day. A small computer in the implanted box analyzes the heart rhythm continuously, and is prepared to intervene if necessary.
In the case of heart running amok (ventrikkeltachycardi), sends out an electric shock of approx. 32 joules. If the heart stops completely (ventricular fibrillation), it sends also a shock of 32 joules and can act as a pacemaker. Heart portable defibrillator activity and any intervention from the defibrillator is always recorded so that the cardiologist can read this at the next consultation.
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