The first attempts at portable defibrillator resuscitation by an electric shock dating from 1788, although we naturally ale concept of how. The rhythm disorder responsible for sudden death was suspected in 1849 by Ludwig and Hoffa and fibrillation is the term created by the French Edmé Vulpian in 1874.
In 1899, we note that one can induce ventricular fibrillation by electric shocks and can stop this latest suit.
Carl Wiggers first system tests on animals in the late 1940.
Claude Beck did the first alternating current defibrillation success during an operation on his heart in 1947. Naum Gurvich in 1939 proves that the use of a DC is more effective and less dangerous. This technique will be widely used later in the USSR but only a few decades later than in Western countries. It portable defibrillator also tests the biphasic shock for the first time. It designs and the first external defibrillator since 1952.
In 1959 Bernard Lown performs the first shock to the reduction of atrial fibrillation. He will introduce in the Western technique of defibrillation by direct current, used today.
In 1960 was built in Paris the first external pacemaker connected to a defibrillator. At the same time, Bernard Lown is the first to use the defibrillator to treat ventricular tachycardia (in either ventricular fibrillation).
In 1966 was manufactured transportable system can be set palc in an ambulance and used outside the hospital. Early models portable defibrillator were nearly 70 kg, but passing quickly under the 5 kg with progs miniaturization.
The first semi-automatic defibrillators appear in the 1980.
For this reason, the industry voluntarily introduced the GDA (guideline daily amount a) system. The producers give a percentage, how much of the content of a nutrient in a food relative to the benchmark for the daily intake is the appropriate nutrient. The GDA labeling system has been developed by the Association of European food industry, which also set the benchmarks. The reference value for the energy, fat, carbohydrate and protein requirements apply to women and 2000 kcal for men 2500 calories. The figures relate to but not at 100 grams of the product, but in one portion - the establishment of this size is at the discretion of the manufacturer. Consumer advocates think this information, however misleading, since the portion sizes seem unrealistic. Thus, a serving is, for example, half a frozen pizza or 25 grams of potato chips. The user is thus obliged to look closely and extrapolate.
ReplyDelete