Portable Defibrillator Description

The Portable defibrillator is usually composed of the following:
carrying case;

a pair of scissors to cut clothing that might interfere with the installation of electrodes;
a disposable razor to remove hair from people with high hair and get a better contact and better adhesion between skin and electrode;

Portable defibrillator disposable towels to remove hair shaved or wipe the victim in the case of a drowning example;
one or more patches adults and children. These self-adhesive electrodes are placed on the chest of the victim and used to analyze the heart rhythm and, if necessary to get a shock;
one or more batteries. The defibrillator ready contains a battery already in place, but the emergency services have in store for if they should link together multiple interventions;
the housing receiving the defibrillator batteries. On him that connects the electrodes. It is equipped with a loudspeaker to guide the user through voice instructions.

The camera settings are locked, the only possible actions are turn on and off, and deliver shock if the device requests (in the case of a semi-automatic defibrillator).

The device has a memory card type flash memory recording the operating parameters: electrocardiogram (analysis of heart rate), the sequences of defibrillation (the number of shocks), and for some models with ambient sounds the voice of the rescuers. The recorded data will conduct a retrospective analysis of the situation, providing both information from the medical service on the therapeutic process to be undertaken and the monitoring of equipment monitoring and forensic provisions.

There are two types of devices:
Semi-automatic defibrillator (DSA): the rescuer must press a button and the device delivers the shock and can therefore ensure that nobody touches the victim before allowing the device to deliver the shock. The risk of injury to the rescuer is negligible, but the victim does not benefit from the shock.

Fully automatic defibrillator (AED, not to be confused with DAE: automated external defibrillator): the camera decides to deliver the shock after, only for security, voice-prompted asking not to touch the victim prior to the issuance of the shock. The procedure is simplified, so defibrillators available to the general public are generally of AEDs.

Whatever the type of aircraft, the analysis of heart rate and diagnosis are automatic versus manual defibrillators used by doctors. The machine does to shock if the heart activity of the victim is justified, because it must stop cardio-pulmonary resuscitation for shock. If the heart of the victim does not have a shockable rhythm, the Portable defibrillator indicates that no shock is indicated and thus continues the rescuer cardiopulmonary resuscitation, which gives better chances of survival for the victim.

Portable Defibrillator Construction

In principle, a portable defibrillator consists of a battery, a DC / DC converter, a capacitor, an output circuit and a control unit. Since the voltage of the battery for an electric shock is too small to be fitted with the aid of a DC / DC converter generates portable defibrillator a higher voltage, the capacitor is charged to a previously set energy. By pressing a button gives the capacitor's stored energy, about 200 to 360 joules, from the patient. The voltage is 750 volts and is located at 1 to 20 milliseconds. The current is reached, assuming an average body resistance is 50 ohms up to about 15 amperes. The necessary is capacitor has a capacity of about 1,000 nF.

This energy is delivered through large electrodes, which are either pressed with the hands on the chest of the patient (the so-called "paddles") or be glued to the chest ("adhesive electrodes" or "fast patch"). Especially for publicly accessible portable defibrillators ("PAD" public access defibrillator) - are to simplify operation and reduce the risk of electric shock to the user - virtually only used adhesive electrodes.
For use with open chest (during surgery), there are versions with spoon electrodes which are applied directly to the heart muscle.

The output circuit provides for the portable generation of certain pulse shapes. The controller controls the charging of the capacitor, and directs the output circuit also ensures that is discharged in the absence portable defibrillator of shock delivery, the capacitor has an internal resistance (circuit protection).

Modern biphasic defibrillators work. This means that is emitted from the output stage is not only a shock, but that will be delivered by voltage transitions at the paddles and shocks in the opposite direction. Modern portable defibrillators measure before the release of energy the body resistance (impedance) of the patient by means of electrodes glued and adjust current and voltage is applied to this resistance. Slim, small patients with low impedance receive less power than, for example, obese, large patients. In international guidelines for defibrillation is now specified that portable defibrillators are to deliver an equal height or higher energy than monophasic devices. There is now also an evidence that escalating energy levels are more effective than the same energy taxes to the patient.

Defective Defibrillator

A key factor for the process of Defective Defibrillator is effective is that the same be done very quickly. An explicit example of this concept is what happens daily in the city of Chicago. The survival rate in the city of Chicago is equal to that of any portable defibrillator city in the world equipped with defibrillators. Instead O'Hare International Airport in the same city is equipped with several totems, are vertical structures equipped defective with defibrillators, but also accompanied by video or graphical charts that teach the use of the device.

The survival rate in this site is very high, 54% and reaches 73% if you are defibrillated Defective Defibrillator within three minutes [citation needed]. Therefore often a defibrillator is not enough, it happened often that you forget where you are located when needed, the minutes ticking, the totems have proven effective immediately identify the defibrillator and to help remember portable defibrillator its use.